Fluid tissue, for example blood and lymph, is characterized by a liquid matrix and no supporting fibers. Watch this animation to learn more about tendonitis, a painful condition caused by swollen or injured tendons. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. On rare occasions, a sudden serious injury will cause tendinitis. Dense regular connective tissue fibers are parallel to each other, enhancing tensile strength and resistance to stretching in the direction of the fiber orientations. Click at the bottom of the quiz for the answers. The macrophage cells are an essential component of the immune system, which is the bodys defense against potential pathogens and degraded host cells. most widely distributed connective tissue; soft and pliable, can soak up excess fluid; Function: binds skin to underlying tissue, holds structures together. Blood and lymph are fluid connective tissues. From top, LM 300, LM 1200, LM 1016. The major types of connective tissue are connective tissue proper, supportive tissue, and fluid tissue. function of simple columnar epithelium with microvilli, in ___________ , the entire secretory cell ruptures, releasing secretions and dead cell fragments (e.g., sebaceous glands), __________ secrete their products by exocytosis (e.g., sweat, pancreas, salivary), connective tissue that conveys tissue fluids and strengthens organs is_______, connective tissue that stores fat and protects organs is ______, connective tissue that attaches muscle and bones is__________. -function: wraps and cushions organs; its macrophages phagocytize bacteria; plays an important role in inflammation; holds and conveys tissue fluid Reticular Connective Tissue resembles areolar tissue but the matrix is made up of only reticular fibers, found in bone marrow, spleen, liver, and lymph nodes Wraps and cushions organs, holds and conveys tissue fluid during inflammation (packages organs, surrounds capillaries) loose adipose connective tissue. 45 Areolar Connective Tissue (Loose) View the University of Michigan Webscope to explore the tissue sample in greater detail. Elastic fiber contains the protein elastin along with lesser amounts of other proteins and glycoproteins. What type of connective tissue should you expect ligaments to contain? Macrophages, mast cells, lymphocytes, plasma cells, and phagocytic cells are found in connective tissue proper but are actually part of the immune system protecting the body. Cellularity Composed almost entirely of cells with minimal extra cellular material Specialized contacts Cells joined by special junctions to stick together and communicate. Cartilage contains chondrocytes and is somewhat flexible. Both components of the matrix, organic and inorganic, contribute to the unusual properties of bone. It makes up a template of the embryonic skeleton before bone formation. A. - Location(s): widely distributed under epithelia of body; forms lamina propria of mucous membranes; packages organs; surrounds capillaries It derives its name from the Latin reticulus, which means little net.. Recall from the first section of this chapter that membranes form all the body linings and are made up of epithelial tissues with a layer of underlying connective tissue. Cytokines recruit other cells of the immune system to infected sites and stimulate their activities. Some white blood cells have the ability to cross the endothelial layer that lines blood vessels and enter adjacent tissues. No blood vessels supply cartilage tissue. The many mitochondria in the cytoplasm of brown adipose tissue help explain its efficiency at metabolizing stored fat. Under epithelial tissues 2. These granules contain the chemical signals histamine and heparin. LM 400. The distinctive appearance of cartilage is due to polysaccharides called chondroitin sulfates, which bind with ground substance proteins to form proteoglycans. PDF Lab Activity 4 - Portland Community College Under, or deep to, the superficial fascia is the deep fascia. For the passionate athlete, it may be time to take some lessons to improve technique. A few cells can be seen squeezed between the fibers. When irritated or damaged, mast cells release histamine, an inflammatory mediator, which causes vasodilation and increased blood flow at a site of injury or infection, along with itching, swelling, and redness you recognize as an allergic response. The brown adipocytes store lipids as many droplets, and have high metabolic activity. epithelial tissues or glands are classified based on: shape of cells, number of cell layers, and where secretions are released. Bone is the hardest connective tissue. Cytokines recruit other cells of the immune system to infected sites and stimulate their activities. 4. the surface tension of water is high because molecule form multiple Hydrogen bonds. Blood is a fluid connective tissue, a variety of specialized cells that circulate in a watery fluid containing salts, nutrients, and dissolved proteins in a liquid extracellular matrix. It is lighter than compact bone and found in the interior of some bones and at the end of long bones. Fibroblasts are the most abundant and secrete many protein fibers, adipocytes specialize in fat storage, hematopoietic cells from the bone marrow give rise to all the blood cells, chondrocytes form cartilage, and osteocytes form bone. Connective tissues perform many functions in the body, but most importantly, they support and connect other tissues; from the connective tissue sheath that surrounds muscle cells, to the tendons that attach muscles to bones, and to the skeleton that supports the positions of the body. Fibroblasts are present in all connective tissue proper (Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\)). 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The ligaments in the vocal folds and between the vertebrae in the vertebral column are composed of dense regular elastic tissue. Supportive connective tissuebone and cartilageprovide structure and strength to the body and protect soft tissues. They originate in the mesodermal germ layer and differentiate from mesenchyme and hematopoietic tissue in the bone marrow. As you have seen from the tissue types discussed above, the main role of connective tissues is to form the structural framework of the body. Tug gently at your ear lobes, and notice that the lobes return to their initial shape. While older adults are at risk for tendinitis because the elasticity of tendon tissue decreases with age, active people of all ages can develop tendinitis. Connective Tissue Supports and Protects by OpenStaxCollege is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted. Cross-linking . Chemistry: Liquids Flashcards | Quizlet The major component of the matrix is a ground substance often crisscrossed by protein fibers. Three main types of fibers are secreted by fibroblasts: collagen fibers, elastic fibers, and reticular fibers. Chemical reactions (metabolism) are essential for cells to function and, thus, for the body as a whole to maintain boundaries, move, respond, digest, excrete, grow, and reproduce--all necessary life functions. Specialized cells in connective tissue defend the body from microorganisms that enter the body. Although repetitive motions are unavoidable in many activities and may lead to tendinitis, precautions can be taken that can lessen the probability of developing tendinitis. Loose connective tissue proper includes adipose tissue, areolar tissue, and reticular tissue. Under membranes there can be several different layers of connective tissues, known as fascia, that function to connect internal structures to the rest of the body. As may be obvious from its name, one of the major functions of connective tissue is to connect tissues and organs. On rare occasions, a sudden serious injury will cause tendinitis. A second type of embryonic connective tissue forms in the umbilical cord, called mucous connective tissue or Whartons jelly. Like blood cells, mast cells are derived from hematopoietic stem cells and are part of the immune system. THE BENEFITS OF HAIR MINERAL TESTING ANALYSIS FOR ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE Hair mineral testing analysis is an invaluable tool for athletes and their coaches seeking to optimize athletic performance. Structurally, all connective tissues contain cells that are embedded in an extracellular matrix stabilized by proteins. Surgical repair of a tendon is painful. Without mineral crystals, bones would flex and provide little support. The amount and structure of each component correlates with the function of the tissue, from the rigid ground substance in bones supporting the body to the inclusion of specialized cells; for example, a phagocytic cell that engulfs pathogens and also rids tissue of cellular debris. reticular. Types of Tissues Flashcards | Quizlet The proteoglycan attracts and traps available moisture forming the clear, viscous, colorless matrix you now know as ground substance. Connective tissue proper: loose connective tissue, adipose A soot particle enters an electrostatic precipitator and experiences 2.3105N2.3 \times 10^{-5} \mathrm{~N}2.3105N of force pulling it toward an accumulator plate. interstitial fluid, proteoglycans, and cell adhesion proteins, ________ is not striated and is under involuntary control, ________ is striated and is under involuntary control, ductless glands that secrete hormones are called ________, examples of _________ include: tubular glands, simple glands, and glands that secrete sweat, _________ is a richly vascularized connective tissue and consists of more cells than extracellular matrix. The main property of elastin is that after being stretched or compressed, it will return to its original shape. (b) Fibrocartilage provides some compressibility and can absorb pressure. Both strong and flexible, it is found in the rib cage and nose and covers bones where they meet to form moveable joints. All of the preventive measures aim to increase the strength of the tendon and decrease the stress put on it. Injuries to cartilage heal very slowly because cells and nutrients needed for repair diffuse slowly to the injury site. There are two major categories of dense connective tissue: regular and irregular. Young, James A. As an Amazon Associate we earn from qualifying purchases. For active individuals, dynamic stretches before exercising and cross training or changing exercises are recommended. By the end of this section, you will be able to: As may be obvious from its name, one of the major functions of connective tissue is to connect tissues and organs. Dense regular elastic tissue contains elastin fibers in addition to collagen fibers, which allows the ligament to return to its original length after stretching. All connective tissues derive from the mesodermal layer of the embryo (see [link]). Location: beneath skin, surrounds organs. Lab 2 Connective Tissue Flashcards | Quizlet Reticular fiber is also formed from the same protein subunits as collagen fibers; however, these fibers remain narrow and are arrayed in a branching network. Elastic cartilage can stretch and recoil to its original shape because of its high content of elastic fibers. Polarity Cell regions of the apical surface differ from the basal surface. In bone, the matrix is rigid and described as calcified because of the deposited calcium salts. Textbook content produced by OpenStax is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License . As a consequence, it displays greater resistance to stretching. Exercise 5: classification of tissues Flashcards | Quizlet Lymphatic capillaries are extremely permeable, allowing larger molecules and excess fluid from interstitial spaces to enter the lymphatic vessels. holds and conveys tissue fluid Location: Widely distributed under epithelia of body. then you must include on every physical page the following attribution: If you are redistributing all or part of this book in a digital format, anatomy-connective tissue Flashcards | Quizlet Lymphatic capillaries are extremely permeable, allowing larger molecules and excess fluid from interstitial spaces to enter the lymphatic vessels. Adipose cells store surplus energy in the form of fat and contribute to the thermal insulation of the body. Both strong and flexible, it is found in the rib cage and nose and covers bones where they meet to form moveable joints. These cells can differentiate into any type of connective tissue cells needed for repair and healing of damaged tissue. Function: Wraps and cushions organs, macrophages phagocytize bacteria, holds and conveys tissue fluid. Composed mainly of dense connective tissues, it serves as a tough, internal framework that surrounds muscles, bones, and nerves. She recommends icing the tender area, taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication to ease the pain and to reduce swelling, and complete rest for a few weeks. In case of severe pain, X-rays can be examined to rule out the possibility of a bone injury. Protein fibers fall into three major groups: collagen fibers that are thick, strong, flexible, and resist stretch; reticular fibers that are thin and form a supportive mesh; and elastin fibers that are thin and elastic. A. cells, ground substance, and carbohydrate fibers, B. cells, ground substance, and protein fibers, C. collagen, ground substance, and protein fibers. Injuries to cartilage heal very slowly because cells and nutrients needed for repair diffuse slowly to the injury site. Except where otherwise noted, textbooks on this site Some cells have the ability to cross the endothelial layer that lines vessels and enter adjacent tissues. The condition causes pain and tenderness in the area around a joint. Unlike epithelial tissue, which is composed of cells closely packed with little or no extracellular space in between, connective tissue cells are dispersed in a matrix. Compact bone is solid and has greater structural strength. Start studying BIOLOGY CH2: TISSUE & ORGAN SYSTEM. There are two basic types of adipocytes: white and brown. Why is areolar . A large number of capillaries allow rapid storage and mobilization of lipid molecules. The main property of elastin is that after being stretched or compressed, it will return to its original shape. Surgical repair of a tendon is painful. What is the description of connective tissue fibers? We recommend using a Reticular cells produce the reticular fibers that form the network onto which other cells attach. Discuss how blood fulfills this role. Reticular fibers are also formed from the same protein subunits as collagen fibers; however, these fibers remain narrow and are arrayed in a branching network. In some tissues, fibers crisscross and form a mesh. Like blood cells, mast cells are derived from hematopoietic stem cells and are part of the immune system. Human Anatomy and Physiology Global Edition - (4 - Tissue - Studocu Leukocytes, white blood cells, are responsible for defending against potentially harmful microorganisms or molecules. Connective tissues come in a vast variety of forms, yet they typically have in common three characteristic components: cells, large amounts of amorphous ground substance, and protein fibers. Lymph drains into blood vessels, delivering molecules to the blood that could not otherwise directly enter the bloodstream. Jan 27, 2022 OpenStax. That dull ache in the wrist that you ignored through the summer is now an unbearable pain. Hyaline cartilage, the most common type of cartilage in the body, consists of short and dispersed collagen fibers and contains large amounts of proteoglycans. As you might expect, a fibrocyte, a less active form of fibroblast, is the second most common cell type in connective tissue proper. A and P 1 Unit one chapters 1-4 Flashcards | Quizlet In loose connective tissue, the fibers are loosely organized, leaving large spaces in between. The most abundant cell in connective tissue proper is the fibroblast. Q. compact bone matrix includes ground substance and the following fiber: hyaline cartilage matrix includes ground substance and the following fiber: ___________ contains a large amount of an extracellular matrix. A layer of dense irregular connective tissue covers cartilage. The mesenchymal cell is a multipotent adult stem cell. (Micrograph provided by the Regents of University of Michigan Medical School 2012), This is a loose connective tissue made up of a network of reticular fibers that provides a supportive framework for soft organs. areolar matrix includes ground substance and the following fibers: adipose matrix includes ground substance and the following fibers: dense connective tissue matrix includes ground substance and the following fibers: connective tissue that transports materials in a plasma matrix is: connective tissue that stores minerals and anchors muscles is, connective tissue that covers and protects the ends of long bones is, compact bone matrix includes nonfibrous ____________. If you are redistributing all or part of this book in a print format, Cartilaginous tissue is avascular, thus all nutrients need to diffuse through the matrix to reach the chondrocytes. Answered: adipose collagen, reticular, elastic | bartleby Want to create or adapt books like this? Lymph contains a liquid matrix and white blood cells. Dense connective tissue is reinforced by bundles of fibers that provide tensile strength, elasticity, and protection. Test Match Created by bouselel Terms in this set (17) Four Types Of Tissue Connective, Muscular, Epithelial, Nervous Areolar Wraps and cushions organs; its phagocytes engulf bacteria; plays important role in inflammation; holds and conveys tissue fluid Stratified Squamous Protects underlying tissues in areas subjected to abrasion Pseudostratified The matrix is the most abundant feature for loose tissue although adipose tissue does not have much extracellular matrix. Packages organs 3. Cancellous bone is spongy and less solid than compact bone. She issues a stern warning about the risk of aggravating the condition and the possibility of surgery. Surface Tension, the resistance of the surface to external forces is a result of the attraction of the molecules and the level of hydrogen bonding. Discuss how blood fulfills this role. Determine the electric field strength of the precipitator. Connective tissues provide support and assist movement, store and transport energy molecules, protect against infections, and contribute to temperature homeostasis. Connective Tissue Flashcards | Quizlet
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